All network applications store data on a server, but some also store copies of the data on the client. That enables a user to work when off line -- perhaps when traveling -- and automatically synchronize the data on the two machines when the client re-connects to the network.
This short video illustrates offline editing while using Zoho's Writer word processing service, and you can read more about it here.
Note that it uses Google Gears, an open source program that must be installed on the client computer.
Note that if an application does not support Gears or some other mechanism for automatically synchronizing data when you reconnect, you may be able to do so manually by saving the data, working on it offline, and uploading it back up to the server. For example, one can Export a Google spreadsheet, saving it in Excel format on the client, work on it using Excel or another program that can read Excel Spreadhsheets, then Import it back into Google Spreadsheet.
Google wrote and supports Gears as an open source project -- what is their reason for doing so? Why is Gears strategic for Google?