Other antennae

The antenna shown below is omni-directional, with a relatively flat "donut" radiation pattern. There is little radiation above or below the antenna, but in the horizontal plane it has a gain of 8.77 dBi. It would have the equivalent of nearly eight times the power of an isotropic antenna. (Nine dBi would be roughly three doublings).

The directional antenna shown below focuses power both horizontally and vertically. (Think of our flashlight beam). This antenna might be positioned on a wall at the end of your house, and used to reach across several rooms.

This directional antenna is even more tightly focused. Nearly all the radiation is confined to a 60 degree cone, horizontally and vertically.

This antenna might be used for a point-to-point link. It would have two advantages over an omni-directional antenna: transmitter range would be extended and interference with nearby radios would be reduced.

One could even construct an antenna array in which several antennae were mounted at the same point, each radiating in a different direction.

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